Maldivian Culture and Tradition

Islands' Magic

Beyond the Resort: The Hidden Soul of the Maldives

Beyond the Resort: The Hidden Soul of the Maldives

From Bodu Beru drums to Thaara dances

The Maldives is not only a tropical paradise of white-sand beaches and crystal-clear waters — it's also a rich cultural tapestry shaped by centuries of exchange between East Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, India, and Southeast Asia. This melting pot of influences has created a unique identity that lives on through traditional Maldivian music, dance, and local arts.

These cultural expressions are more than entertainment: they are the heartbeat of island life. From ancient rituals to vibrant festivals, music and dance are deeply woven into the social and spiritual fabric of the Maldivian people. Two of the most iconic traditions are the Bodu Beru and Thaara — both powerful performances that reflect the soul of the archipelago.

Bodu Beru, which means "big drum," is one of the most popular and enduring dance forms. Inspired by East African rhythms, it features a group of men playing large hand-drums, accompanied by call-and-response chanting and energetic dancing. As the tempo builds, dancers enter a state of near-trance, moving with increasing intensity. Today, Bodu Beru is performed during celebrations, public events, and cultural festivals, bringing communities together through rhythm and movement.

Each traditional dance tells a story — of the sea, of daily life, of resilience and joy. Thaara, brought to the Maldives by Arab settlers in the 17th century, is more solemn and spiritual. Performed exclusively by men, it involves synchronized clapping, rhythmic drumming, and songs in Arabic, often during religious or ceremonial occasions.

Other folk dances such as Langiri, Dhandi Jehun, and Bandiyaa Jehun are often featured in local festivities and social gatherings. These dances include props like sticks, pots, or garlands, and involve both men and women. They are colorful, communal, and filled with symbolism — a true reflection of island life and heritage.

Despite modern influences, the Maldivian people have preserved their cultural traditions with pride. Passed down from generation to generation, these art forms continue to be a vital expression of identity, resilience, and collective memory. For visitors, experiencing a traditional performance is a window into the heart of the Maldivian cultural heritage — one that’s every bit as captivating as its landscapes.

Maldivian Arts and Crafts

Maldivian Arts and Crafts

A Cultural Treasure Across the Islands

The Maldives, while globally renowned as a luxury tourist destination, preserve a rich and diverse cultural and artisanal heritage. Strong Arab and Asian influences are clearly visible in many traditions that have evolved over time while keeping historical roots alive. This fusion of ancient customs and modern creativity has given rise to unique artistic expressions, celebrated both locally and internationally.

The Maldivian Dhoni: A Symbol of Tradition and Seamanship: The dhoni is a traditional Maldivian boat, emblematic of the country’s craftsmanship and maritime culture. Built entirely by hand without blueprints, each dhoni is crafted using the builder’s instinct and experience. These boats play a vital role in island life, enabling inter-island transportation and supporting regional trade and fishing.

Thundu Kunaa: The Art of Traditional Weaving: Thundu Kunaa mats are handcrafted by Maldivian women using dried and naturally dyed reeds. Each mat is unique, showcasing abstract patterns that reflect local artistic identity and cultural expression. These mats are used in both private homes and religious ceremonies, preserving a craft passed down through generations.

Thileyrukan: Traditional Gold and Silver Work: Thileyrukan, the art of Maldivian jewelry making, has deep historical roots. Skilled artisans known as Thileyrun create necklaces, bracelets, and earrings using gold and silver, crafted with techniques passed down through generations. These unique pieces are often worn during special ceremonies and represent a deep cultural symbolism.

Kunaa, Saanthiviun and Rukufathi: Weaving with Nature: Natural fiber weaving is another cornerstone of Maldivian craftsmanship. Kunaa mats, made from hau reed, and Saanthiviun mats, woven from pandan leaves, are prime examples of this eco-friendly tradition. Palm fronds, known as Rukufathi, are skillfully braided into kitchen tools and storage containers—showcasing the ingenuity, sustainability, and practicality of island life.

Ancient Maldivian Arts

Ancient Maldivian Arts

From Coral Carving to Lacquered Wood

Sculpting in Coral Stone: A Blend of Sacred and Decorative Art: Coral stone carving is an ancient Maldivian tradition that dates back over two thousand years. During the pre-Islamic era, coral blocks were used to build temples and carve statues of Buddha. With the arrival of Islam, this art form evolved into the intricate carving of mosques and tombstones, featuring floral and geometric patterns, such as those seen in the Hukuru Miskiiy mosque in Malé.

Binvalhunagaa Kurehun: The Art of Wood Carving: Known as Binvalhunagaa Kurehun in Dhivehi, this traditional wood carving technique involves etching floral and symmetrical designs onto doors, ceilings, and columns. These carvings, often crafted from local woods such as moonima and hiti, beautifully reflect the fusion of Islamic art with indigenous craftsmanship.

Roanu: Traditional Coconut Fiber Rope: Roanu is a handmade rope crafted from coconut fiber, historically used in the construction of homes, boats, and various household items. Despite the advent of synthetic alternatives, Roanu continues to be valued for its durability, flexibility, and integral role in Maldivian daily life.

Fan and Iloshi: Everyday Crafts from Palm Leaves: Coconut palm leaves, called fan, are traditionally woven to create roofs, household tools, and toys for children. Iloshi—the central spine of the palm leaf—is used to weave plate covers and other practical items. These practices showcase the Maldivians’ ingenuity and sustainable use of natural materials.

Laajehun: Traditional Wood Lacquering: The art of Laajehun involves lacquering carved wood to produce decorative items such as bowls and trays. Adorned with vibrant floral patterns in red, black, yellow, and occasionally green, these lacquered pieces were historically presented as gifts to sultans and are now preserved in institutions like the National Museum of Malé.

Maldivian Holidays and Traditions

Maldivian Holidays and Traditions

Spirituality, and Celebrations

The Maldives are not only a land of white-sand beaches and crystal-clear waters, but also a country rich in cultural heritage, where rituals, festivals, and traditions express the deep identity of the archipelago. Throughout the year, national and religious celebrations bring communities together in a vibrant display of pride and belonging. The calendar begins quietly with New Year’s Day on January 1, but some of the most colorful and heartfelt events take place in late July, during Independence Days (July 26–27), featuring military parades, traditional dances, school performances, and spectacular boat processions with symbolic decorations. Among the most meaningful commemorations are Victory Day on November 3, which honors the failed 1988 coup through patriotic events and historical reenactments, and Republic Days on November 11–12, marking the foundation of the Second Republic in 1968. The end of British colonial rule is remembered on November 26, followed by Martyrs’ Day on December 1, a solemn tribute to those who gave their lives for the nation. On December 10, Fishermen’s Day pays homage to one of the Maldives’ oldest and most respected professions, highlighting its importance in island life.

Religious celebrations, guided by the Hijri lunar calendar, are at the heart of Maldivian society. During Ramadan, the holy month of fasting and spiritual reflection, daily routines shift as work hours are shortened and the evenings become moments of communal gathering. At the end of Ramadan, Kuda Eid is celebrated with three days of morning prayers, family feasts, and joyful reunions with loved ones. The longest and most widely celebrated religious event is Eid-ul-Al’haa (Festival of Sacrifice), which can last up to a week, bringing together families from across the islands for traditional games, music, dances, and modern entertainment. The Prophet Muhammad’s Birthday (Mawlid) is a day of hospitality, when families welcome guests with traditional meals, while Islamic National Day commemorates Mohamed Thakurufaanu’s victory over the Portuguese in 1573—a defining moment in the Maldives’ history and national identity. These events offer visitors a unique opportunity to experience the Maldives beyond the postcard image, discovering the islands' true soul through culture, faith, and shared celebration.

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